Definition and Examples of Autobiography

An autobiography is an account of a persons life written or otherwise recorded by that person. Adjective: autobiographical. Many scholars regard the Confessions (c. 398) by Augustine of Hippo (354–430) as the first autobiography. The term fictional autobiography (or pseudoautobiography) refers to novels that employ first-person narrators who recount the events of their lives as if they actually happened. Well-known examples include David Copperfield (1850) by Charles Dickens and Salingers  The Catcher in the Rye (1951). Some critics believe that all autobiographies are in some ways fictional. Patricia Meyer Spacks has observed that people do make themselves up. . . . To read  an autobiography is  to encounter a self as an imaginative being ( The Female Imagination, 1975). For the distinction between a memoir and an autobiographical composition, see memoir  as well as the examples and observations below.   Etymology From the Greek, self life write Examples of Autobiographical Prose Imitating the Style of the Spectator, by Benjamin FranklinLangston Hughes on HarlemOn the Street, by Emma GoldmanRitual in Maya Angelous Caged BirdThe Turbid Ebb and Flow of Misery, by Margaret SangerTwo Ways of Seeing a River, by Mark Twain Examples and Observations of Autobiographical Compositions An autobiography is an obituary in serial form with the last installment missing.(Quentin Crisp, The Naked Civil Servant, 1968)Putting a life into words rescues it from confusion even when the words declare the omnipresence of confusion, since the art of declaring implies dominance.(Patricia Meyer Spacks, Imagining a Self: Autobiography and Novel in Eighteenth-Century England. Harvard University Press, 1976)The Opening Lines of Zora Neale Hurstons Autobiography- Like the dead-seeming, cold rocks, I have memories within that came out of the material that went to make me. Time and place have had their say.So you will have to know something about the time and place where I came from, in order that you may interpret the incidents and directions of my life.I was born in a Negro town. I do not mean by that the black back-side of an average town. Eatonville, Florida, is, and was at the time of my birth, a pure Negro town--charter, mayor, council, town marshal and all. It was not the first N egro community in America, but it was the first to be incorporated, the first attempt at organized self-government on the part of Negroes in America.Eatonville is what you might call hitting a straight lick with a crooked stick. The town was not in the original plan. It is a by-product of something else. . . .(Zora Neale Hurston, Dust Tracks on a Road. J.B. Lippincott, 1942)- There is a saying in the Black community that advises: If a person asks you where youre going, you tell him where youve been. That way you neither lie nor reveal your secrets. Hurston had called herself the Queen of the Niggerati. She also said, I like myself when Im laughing. Dust Tracks on a Road is written with royal humor and an imperious creativity. But then all creativity is imperious, and Zora Neale Hurston was certainly creative.(Maya Angelou, Foreword to Dust Tracks on a Road, rpt. HarperCollins, 1996)Autobiography and TruthAll autobiographies are lies. I do not mean unconscious, unintentional lies; I mean deliberate lies. No man is bad enough to tell the truth about himself during his lifetime, involving, as it must, the truth about his family and friends and colleagues. And no man is good enough to tell the truth in a document which he suppresses until there is nobody left alive to contradict him.(George Bernard Shaw, Sixteen Self Sketches, 1898)Autobiography is an unrivaled vehicle for telling the truth about other people.(attributed to Thomas Carlyle, Philip Guedalla, and others)Autobiography and Memoir- An autobiography is the story of a life: the name implies that the writer will somehow attempt to capture all the essential elements of that life. A writers autobiography, for example, is not expected to deal merely with the authors growth and career as a writer but also with the facts and emotions connected to family life, education, relationships, sexuality, travels, and inner struggles of all kinds. An autobiography is sometimes limited by dates (as in Under My Skin: Volum e One of My Autobiography to 1949 by Doris Lessing), but not obviously by theme.Memoir, on the other hand, is a story from a life. It makes no pretense of replicating a whole life.(Judith Barrington, Writing the Memoir: From Truth to Art. Eighth Mountain Press, 2002)- Unlike autobiography, which moves in a dutiful line from birth to fame, memoir narrows the lens, focusing on a time in the writers life that was unusually vivid, such as childhood or adolescence, or that was framed by war or travel or public service or some other special circumstance.(William Zinsser, Introduction, Inventing the Truth: The Art and Craft of Memoir. Mariner Books, 1998)An Epidemical Rage for Auto-Biography[I]f the populace of writers become thus querulous after fame (to which they have no pretensions) we shall expect to see an epidemical rage for auto-biography break out, more wide in its influence and more pernicious in its tendency than the strange madness of the Abderites, so accurately described by L ucian. London, like Abdera, will be peopled solely by men of genius; and as the frosty season, the grand specific for such evils, is over, we tremble for the consequences. Symptoms of this dreadful malady (though somewhat less violent) have appeared amongst us before . . ..(Isaac DIsraeli, Review of The Memoirs of Percival Stockdale, 1809)|The Lighter Side of Autobiography- The Confessions of St. Augustine are the first autobiography, and they have this to distinguish them from all other autobiographies, that they are addressed directly to God.(Arthur Symons, Figures of Several Centuries, 1916)- I write fiction and Im told its autobiography, I write autobiography and Im told its fiction, so since Im so dim and theyre so smart, let them decide what it is or isnt.(Philip Roth, Deception, 1990)- Im writing an unauthorized autobiography.(Steven Wright) Pronunciation: o-toe-bi-OG-ra-fee

Mountain Dew Market Analysis - 988 Words

Mountain Dew Mountain Dew is a sugary green drink that has quenched the thirst of millions of Americans for decades, practically ensuring its place as 20th century Americana. The brand originated as an early energizing drink that would keep mountain trekkers powered through their hikes and outdoor activities. Since these humble times, Mountain Dew has maintained an image of a very rural American drink, satisfying customers through vending machines and convenience. In the 21st century, however, the country is changing. The US is becoming less rural and more urban, and therefore old brands like Mountain Dew have to make strategic shifts in order to maintain their competitive edge and focus. (Stanford, 2012) That is why Mountain Dew has decided to make the advertising shift of focus for the brand away from its humble mountain roots, and towards a younger, urban population that finds the drink to fit their lifestyle in a different way than the traditional Mountain Dew drinker. The new pivot of Mountain Dews advertising campaign from rural America to urban America is the right move for the brand. The rural areas of America still consume soft drinks in high proportions, and Mountain Dew will always be important to these communities. The main change for Mountain Dew is that their brand has become very popular with Hispanic and Black rural populations, which do not associate with the traditional message of Mountain Dew. In order to appeal to this new group, Mountain Dew hasShow MoreRelatedStrengths And Weaknesses Of The New Zealand Owned And Operated Essay1298 Words   |  6 Pagesmarketing or financing capabilities, but consumers who chose to find a ‘better’ alternative to Mountain Dew are less likely to switch back to the brand to fulfil wants and needs, as Six-Barrel products make a satisfactory substitute for traditional carbonated drinks. See the summarised strengths and weaknesses of this minor competitor below. 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Unit 8 Study Guide Free Essays

Unit 8 Study Guide 1. How many liters of blood does the average adult have? 5 Liters 2. What are the components of blood? Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma. We will write a custom essay sample on Unit 8 Study Guide or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3. What does the hematocrit measure? The number of cells or volume. 4. What percentage of blood is cells? 45% 5. What percentage of blood is made of plasma? 55% 6. What do erythrocytes look like and what is their function? Erythrocytes are biconcave disks that are 7. 5 micrometers. They have no nucleus, even after they have matured and they are composed of one third hemoglobin. They function as a transportation system for gas. . How do mature erythrocytes differ from immature ones? They lack a nucleus when they mature 8. What is a normal RBC Count? 4,600,000/cubic centimeter 9. What makes blood red? Hemoglobin 10. How long does the average RBC live? 120 days 11. What hormone controls the rate of rbc synthesis? Erythropoietin 12. What element is part of a red blood cell? Iron 13. What is sickle-cell anemia and what is its cause? Sickle-cell anemia is a disorder in the red blood cells which reduces the oxygen in the blood and results in the RBC’s being crescent shaped. 14. What are the causes of Anemia The causes of Anemia include a lack of enough RBC’s, including iron deficiency, B complex deficiency, erythropoietin deficiency, or too many RBC’s destroyed, which includes sickle cell anemia, sickle train, thallasemias (Alpha hemoglobin chain, beta hemoglobin chain, small RBC’s. ) 15. What is the difference between sickle cell anemia and sickle trait? It is possible for a person to have a mixture of normal and bad hemoglobin in red blood cells without having sickle cell disease. This condition is â€Å"sickle cell train† in which people have enough of the normal hemoglobin in their red blood cells to prevent them from becoming sickle haped, causing sickle cell anemia. 16. What percentage of white blood cells are eosinophils? 1-3% 17. What is a Lymphocyte? A Lymphocyte is a small, round long lived agranulocyte that is composed of 25-33% of white blood cells. Its function is to attack antigens. 18. What is a chemical that stimulates cells to produce antibod ies? Antigen 19. What percent of blood is lymphocytes 25-33% of the blood 20. What is a normal white Blood Cell Count? 5,000-10,000 White blood cells 21. What does a rise in WBCS indicate? A decrease? A rise indicates an infection such as leukocytosis and a decrease, or leucopenia, may be a sign of viral infections. 22. What is a normal WBC differential? 4,500-10,000 23. What is pus? It is made up of leukocytes, bacteria, and damaged body cells. 24. What do elevated monocytes indicate? They could indicate an infection 25. What is Diapedesis? It allows WBC’s to leave circulation 26. What is leukemia? It is a type of cancer that begins in the tissue that forms blood. Leukemia patients bleed because of platelet deficiency. 27. What is the function of fibrinogen? It helps stop bleeding by helping blood clots to form. It is converted into fibrin during blood coagulation. 28. What are 3 Lipoprotein molecules? VLDL – triglycerides LDL – cholesterol HDL – high protein 29. What is agglutination? Agglutination is a clumping together of bacteria or red cells when held together by antibodies, or agglutinins. 30. What keeps blood from clotting? Anticoagulants are what prevent the clotting of blood. 31. What is fibrinogen? Fibrinogen is a protein that the liver produces which helps stop bleeding by helping to form blood clots. 32. What is a globulin? A globulin is a plasma protein which transports lipids and fat-soluble vitamins in the blood and helps to produce antibodies. 33. What are the major ABO groups? A, B, AB, and O blood types 34. What are antigens and antibodies associated with each blood group? Type A blood contains the antigen A and Anti B antibodies, type B blood contains antigen B and Anti A antibodies, type AB has antigens A and B and no antibodies, and type O has no antigens and Anti A and B antibodies. 35. What blood type is universal donor? Universal recipient? Type O is the universal blood donor and type AB is the universal recipient. 6. What is the Rh factor and why is it significant? The Rh factor is an antigen that can be found in the red blood cells of most people. People with Rh factor are considered Rh positive and those who do not are considered Rh negative. Rh negative people are unable to be transfused with positive blood once they are exposed to it. A Rh negative mother is able to develop antibodies t o donate to her Rh positive child. Blood which is used in transfusions must match donors for Rh status and ABO blood group. Rh- patients will develop anemia if they are given Rh+ blood. How to cite Unit 8 Study Guide, Essay examples

Managing Human Resources Work Environment Issues

Question: How would you ensure the work environment issues Gilbert identifies are appropriately considered in a performance management system you designed for your organization? Answer: According to Tom Gilberts BEM, level of performance of any individual employee entirely depends on the motivation, ability and work environment. This is the reason; Gilbert says performance is f (M x A x E); Where, M = motivation; A = Ability and E = Environment Therefore, it is become clear that in order to attain high performance level in the work place, organization irrespective of the industry requires maintaining all three aspects appropriately (Cascio, 2012). However, Gilberts also identified two major issues that adversely affect the performance level, such as: Work environment or system aspects; and Person aspects It is fact that the above to aspects largely influence the on job behavior, which ultimately affects the performance. Therefore, being a HR manager, there is requiring identifying solutions to these two issues while implementing a performance management system. According to Gilbert BEM, performance management system of an organization largely depends on employee motivation (Bach and Edwards, 2013). Motivation is considered as the outside factor which is caused by increasing the demand of customers for the particular product. To ensure that this factor will not affect further; organization should try to maintain their customers demand. If the demand of customer for any product is increased then organization should try to increase their productivity (Cascio, 2012). Further, information, instrumentation along with motivation factor largely affects the performance management of organization. Information affects the performance management of the organization as suppose someone from inside the organization spread outside confidential information (Jorgenson, Ho and Stiroh, 2005). So according to Gilbert BEM information of the organization should be secure and safe. According to Gilbert GEM instrumentation is when organization to reduce their recruitment expenditure tries to make their present employees work more i.e. extra work without any extra pay which decrease quality of work. Motivation factor can affect the performance management of organization if employees are paid insufficient rewards or pay for their work. To motivate employees work better organization should decided pay scale structure and reward as per their work (Cascio, 2012). The job factor in organization revolves around information and instrumental factor. To ensure that instrumental factor do not affect the performance management organization should try to maintain positive work environment, culture inside the organization. According to Gilbert BEM organizational and job factor are considered as the inside factor in performance management process (Cascio, 2012). References Bach, S. and Edwards, M. (2013).Managing human resources. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Cascio, W (2012) Managing Human Resources, Productivity, Quality of Work Life, Profit Editor: Wayne F. Cascio (9th Edition) Jorgenson, D., Ho, M. and Stiroh, K. (2005).Productivity. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.